![]() ![]() The Tilia 's sturdy trunk stands like a pillar and the branches divide and subdivide into numerous ramifications on which the twigs are fine and thick. Latin tilia is cognate to Greek πτελέᾱ, ptelea, " elm tree", τιλίαι, tiliai, " black poplar" ( Hes.), ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European word *ptel-ei̯ā with a meaning of "broad" (feminine) perhaps "broad-leaved" or similar. Another common name used in North America is basswood, derived from bast, the name for the inner bark (see Uses, below). Neither the name nor the tree is related to the citrus fruit called " lime" ( Citrus aurantifolia, family Rutaceae). ![]() "Linden" was originally the adjective, "made from linwood or lime-wood" (equivalent to "wooden") from the late 16th century, "linden" was also used as a noun, probably influenced by translations of German romance, as an adoption of Linden, the plural of German Linde. Within Germanic languages, English "lithe", German lind "lenient, yielding" are from the same root. ![]() "Lime" is an altered form of Middle English lind, in the 16th century also line, from Old English feminine lind or linde, Proto-Germanic *lindō, cognate to Latin lentus "flexible" and Sanskrit latā " liana". The genus is generally called "lime" or "linden" in Britain and "linden", "lime", or "basswood" in North America. Studies of ectomycorrhizal relations of Tilia species indicate a wide range of fungal symbionts and a preference toward Ascomycota fungal partners. Tilia is the only known ectomycorrhizal genus in the family Malvaceae. They are hermaphroditic, having perfect flowers with both male and female parts, pollinated by insects. As with elms, the exact number of species is uncertain, as many of the species can hybridise readily, both in the wild and in cultivation. ![]() Tilia species are mostly large, deciduous trees, reaching typically 20 to 40 m (65 to 130 ft) tall, with oblique-cordate (heart-shaped) leaves 6 to 20 cm ( 2 + 1⁄ 4 to 7 + 3⁄ 4 in) across. Under the Cronquist classification system, this genus was placed in the family Tiliaceae, but genetic research summarised by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has resulted in the incorporation of this genus, and of most of the previous family, into the Malvaceae. The genus occurs in Europe and eastern North America, but the greatest species diversity is found in Asia. In Britain and Ireland they are commonly called lime trees, although they are not related to the citrus lime. The tree is known as linden for the European species, and basswood for North American species. Tilia is a genus of about 30 species of trees or bushes, native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. Tilia tomentosa, cultivated at the Morton Arboretum near Chicago ![]()
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